Análisis del estado de hidratación de atletas de diferentes disciplinas deportivas previo al inicio del entrenamiento.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59856/arch.soc.chil.med.deporte.v68i2.75Keywords:
hidratación, densidad urinaria, deporte, deshidrataciónAbstract
Introduction: One of the main causes of decreased sports performance is dehydration. Simple indicators of hydration status are available to monitor daily fluid balance. The measurement of urine specific gravity is one of the most useful indicators to evaluate hydration status, it measures the concentration of particles in the urine, which increase in the absence of fluids.
Objective: To determine the state of hydration with which athletes start training by measuring urine density, evaluated with a refractometer.
Material and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study. It was carried out in 167 athletes of 7 different disciplines, 83 were female and 84 male. A portable refractometer ATC model HT-312ATC was used to determine urine density.
Results: 80.3% of the athletes evaluated were not in optimal hydration conditions to carry out their training. Some 37.7% were moderately dehydrated (1,020-1,030) while 42.6% were severely dehydrated (>1,030). Less than 20% of the athletes presented with adequate hydration status (<1,020) prior to the start of their training.
Conclusions: Knowing the physiological responses produced by dehydration, it is essential to emphasize water education, both pre during and post training.
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