Evaluation of the acute hemodynamic response of high-intensity exercise on blood pressure in trained and untrained normotensive individuals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59856/arch.soc.chil.med.deporte.v71i1.92Keywords:
Anaerobic exercise, aerobic exercise, blood pressure, heart rate, BMIAbstract
Introduction: The physical inactivity is a critical risk factor for cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercise traditionally being the primary recommendation.
Objective: To determine the impact of a single bout of high-intensity exercise on blood pressure and heart rate.
Methodology: Twenty participants were enrolled and allocated into two groups: Group 1 (G1; n = 10, trained) and Group 2 (G2; n = 10, control). The high-intensity trial consisted of a single session on an 8-meter climbing wall. Although participants had prior experience, none had performed this specific trial or engaged in climbing activities for the preceding six months. Anthropometric parameters—including body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and body fat percentage—were recorded. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were assessed at rest and during exercise. Data were analyzed using a mixed-model repeated-measures ANOVA.
Results: Post-exercise, G1 exhibited a significantly lower increase in SBP compared to G2 (p < 0.05). SBP also demonstrated a statistically significant difference during post-exercise hypotension, indicating that this hypotensive effect was sustained over time in G1 (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between groups for HR and DBP; however, G1 completed the trial in a shorter time. Driven by SBP, MAP displayed distinct trends between groups, though the post-exercise difference between G1 and G2 did not reach statistical significance.
Conclusion: Trained individuals demonstrated a more favorable hemodynamic response to an acute bout of high-intensity exercise with a substantial anaerobic component. This response was characterized by a blunted post-exercise SBP increase, more sustained post-exercise hypotension, and superior mechanical performance despite maintaining an HR similar to that of the control group.
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