Propuesta de una batería de evaluaciones musculares, articulares y funcionales del miembro inferior en futbolistas profesionales y su utilidad en el “Return to Play”

Autores/as

  • Nicolás Pinochet Aguirre Kinesiólogo Primer Equipo (Everton, Viña del Mar, Chile)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59856/arch.soc.chil.med.deporte.v68i1.66

Palabras clave:

Test Funcionales, fútbol, Extremidad inferior, return to play

Resumen

Objetivo: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica de tests de valoración funcional de la extremidad inferior que permita proponer una batería de tests funcionales que nos permita cuantificar a través de estos la condición y estado de las estructuras artro-musculares obteniendo datos objetivos de referencia que sean de utilidad para la temporada y los procesos de vuelta a la competición o “Return to Play”.

Metodología: Se realizo una revisión de la literatura disponible en las bases de datos relacionadas con el área de la medicina deportiva y las ciencias de la salud (MEDLINE, BJSM, CINAHL, entre otras) Como criterio de inclusión para este trabajo se eligieron artículos cuyas palabras claves fueron (en ingles); Functional evaluation, Assesment, measure in the lower-extremities, Return to sport, Return to play, Sprinting, Change of Direction, COD, Endurence, Field Testing, Football, Biomechanics, Injury, Los criterios de exclusión fueron (en inglés); Return to play in concussions, upper-extremities or nonmusculoskeletal issues. De un total de 5,743 estudios posibles, fueron seleccionados 51 para este trabajo que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión.

Resultados y Discusión: Se seleccionaron 6 test, medibles, objetivables, comparables fiables, validos, prácticos, seguros y de bajo costo, que buscan entregarnos una imagen y condición inicial del futbolista, todos ellos ampliamente utilizados en el ámbito de la valoración funcional del futbolista tanto de un enfoque desde la preparación física como de la rehabilitación deportiva. Al ser una propuesta nueva, este estudio presenta como limitación que la batería específica de tests por sí misma, nunca ha sido utilizada con la selección de evaluaciones que acá se postulan, sin embargo, pueden ser el punta pie inicial para estandarizar de manera transversal la evaluación del futbolista a nivel nacional y permitirnos generar una basa de datos de estos hallazgos, y, mejor aún, la creación de perfiles de los futbolistas que se desempeñan en los distintos niveles de nuestra liga.

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30-06-2023

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Propuesta de una batería de evaluaciones musculares, articulares y funcionales del miembro inferior en futbolistas profesionales y su utilidad en el “Return to Play”. Revista Archivos SOCHMEDEP [Internet]. 2023 Jun. 30 [cited 2025 Feb. 7];68(1):14-31. Available from: https://revistasochmedep.cl/index.php/Revista/article/view/66

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