Efectos del ejercio en pacientes con artritis reumatoide: Implicancias en parámetros inflamatorios, cardiovasculares, consumo de oxígeno y calidad de vida. Una revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59856/arch.soc.chil.med.deporte.v62i1.29Palabras clave:
enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas, actividad física, discapacidad, fitness cardio-respiratorioResumen
La Artritis Reumatoide (AR) se caracteriza por inflamación sistémica crónica, alterando a largo plazo las articulaciones. En Chile posee una prevalencia del 0,5-1% de la población adulta. Diversas publicaciones han demostrado efectos beneficiosos del ejercicio en este grupo, sin embargo, los sujetos con AR suelen tender al sedentarismo.
El objetivo de esta revisión es exponer los beneficios de las diferentes formas de entrenamiento sobre este grupo de sujetos tanto a nivel inflamatorio, cardiovascular, consumo de oxígeno y calidad de vida.
Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda en Pubmed con las palabras claves: enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas, actividad física, discapacidad y fitness cardio-respiratorio desde mayo de 2014 hasta agosto de 2016. De los artículos encontrados, se dio preferencia a los publicados desde el año 2010 hasta la fecha, seleccionando en total 91 publicaciones.
Según lo descrito, se puede concluir que existe evidencia acerca de los beneficios del ejercicio en AR, como la disminución en los parámetros inflamatorios, mejoría en la función cardiovascular, consumo de oxígeno e, incluso, la calidad de vida de estos pacientes. El ejercicio demostró ser una herramienta útil en el tratamiento de la AR, sin embargo, falta establecer aún los mecanismos fisiológicos que subyacen las adaptaciones obtenidas.
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